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Lighter wheels increase the wheel hp reading on a chassis dyno, but of course they don't effect the crankshaft hp.
Basically, if you have a heavy wheel, you have to expend more energy (horsepower) to turn it versus a lighter one.
Now, going into alot more detail (I didn't minor in Physics for the fun of it!), more weight means you get a higher rotational inertia of the wheel and tire. Higher rotational inertia means it has more resistance to turning (inertia, the tendency of an object to stay at rest) and it takes more power to turn the wheels.
This is especially if the extra weight is due to heavier tires. The tread of the tire is on the outside of the diameter of rotation. The more weight you have pushed out to the outer diameter of rotation, the higher the rotational inertia.
An example of this is if you roll a sphere, a disk, and a hoop down a hill, (regardless of weight) the sphere will ALWAYS reach the bottom first, followed by the disk, and the last to reach the bottom is always the hoop. The hoop has all of it's mass at the outer edge of it's rotation, thus giving it the highest rotational inertia.
Thus, if you have the same rim, and run two tires of the EXACT same weight, but one tire is a 195 and the other is a 245, the car will be slower with the 245 compared to the 195 since the mass of the wider tire is concentrated in the tread, which is at the outer edge of rotation of the wheel/tire combo.
This could vey well mean tire weight and tread width could play a more important role than wheel weight, but wheel weight is still important.
I have seen this from experience. I was 2-3 tenths faster with the stock 195/70 tires on stock alloy rims at the drag strip versus my aftermarket setup (see below), even though the rx-7 rim with the tire only weighed 36 lbs, 13.8 lbs for the rim, 22.2 lbs for the tire. The stock bridgestone 195/70 tire weighs 20 lbs. The stock rim, not sure, but it's pretty light.
"Tutto fa brodo."
Todd Scungio 98 RS 15.173 @ 90.70 MPH
And also a 2011 Ralliart
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